ACI 4: “Proof of Future Lives”

Stage One in the Study of Buddhist Logic and Perception (Pramana)

This course is based on the root texts: “Compendium on Valid Perception” (Pramana Samuccaya) by Master Dignaga (440 CE), “Commentary on Valid Perception” (Pramana Varttika) by Master Dharmakirti (630 CE), “Light on the Path to Freedom” (Tarlam Selje) by Gyaltsab Je (1364–1432), “The Jewel of True Thought” (Tsema Gong-gye) by Geshe Yeshe Wangchuk (1928–1997).

 

A successful Buddhist practice relies on true compassion, which in turn depends on the accurate perception of the immense suffering in the world – suffering that extends beyond the life we experience here and now. This is the theme of ACI 4: the proof of future lives.

 

In modern times, few people believe that they have come from a past life into this one or that they will transition from this life to the next, in a continuum without beginning or end. Since the purpose of Buddhism is to eliminate suffering and ensure happiness across countless lives, it is crucial to first establish the reality of these lives. This is precisely the aim of ACI 4.

 

This course incorporates the third major topic, “Clear Thinking,” focusing on evidence for the existence of past and future lives. It also delves into related topics such as levels of reality, the definition of valid perception, proofs of omniscience, and the relationship between karma and rebirth.

 

The course heavily relies on Dharmakirti’s Commentary on Valid Perception and the extraordinary commentary “The Jewel of True Thought” by the modern Tibetan scholar Geshe Yeshe Wangchuk (1928–1997). Geshe Wangchuk was the root lama of Geshe Michael’s teacher, Geshe Thubten Rinchen, and Geshe Michael assisted both in editing this work. The course also introduces the works of Master Dignaga (circa 550 CE), a foundational figure preceding Dharmakirti.

Topics Covered:

• The definition of valid perception
• The three levels of perception
• Who possesses valid perception and how
• Defining phenomena beyond direct perception
• Developing great compassion
• The nature of omniscience
• The material cause of consciousness
• Proof of the source of consciousness
• Evidence for past and future lives
• How craving leads to rebirth
• Explaining the critical links in the chain of dependent origination

 

Steps for Completing the Course:

1. Listen to the Lecture

Select a quiet time free from distractions to focus fully on the teachings.

2. Read the Lecture Notes

Review notes prepared by students to clarify key concepts and terms.

3. Review the Reading Materials

Study the sacred texts and commentaries assigned for each lesson.

4. Complete the Homework

Use lecture notes and reading materials to formulate answers. Avoid referencing the answer key during preparation.

5. Check Your Homework

Compare your answers with the key. Do not revise your work after reviewing the answers.

6. Perform Required Meditations

Complete at least two analytical meditations per lesson on separate days. Only one meditation per day counts toward the requirement.

7. Learn Memorization Assignments

Memorize the specific passages or concepts outlined in the homework.

8. Take the Quiz

Complete the quiz without using notes or materials, after fulfilling all lesson requirements.

9. Move to the Next Lesson

Progress only after completing all steps for the current lesson.

10. Prepare for the Final Exam

Listen to the 11th lecture for an overview and study for the exam using recommended materials.

11. Write the Final Exam

Complete the exam independently without referencing notes or materials.

12. Submit Your Work for Review

Submit all completed assignments for peer review through the designated platform.

 

Course Author: Geshe Michael Roach

 

Instructors: Yuliya and Yevhen Belyayev